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The Harbin Y-12 is a high wing twin-engine turboprop utility aircraft built by Harbin Aircraft Industry Group (HAIG). The Y-12 started as a development of the Harbin Y-11 airframe called Y-11T in 1980. The design featured numerous improvements including a redesigned wing with a new low drag section, a larger fuselage and bonded rather than riveted construction. It also replaced the radial piston engines with turboprops. The prototype was followed by about 30 production Y-12 (I) aircraft before a revised version was produced. This was designated the Y-12 (II), which featured more powerful engines and removal of leading-edge slats, first flying on 16 August 1984 and receiving Chinese certification in December of the following year. The power plants are two Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27 turboprops with Hartzell propellers. The Y-12 has a maximum takeoff weight of 5,700 kg (12,600 lb) with seating for 17 passengers and two crew. The aircraft is operated as a light commuter and transport aircraft.
📑 ➖➖➖ More recent procurements have been from China in the form of the Harbin Y-12 II turboprop transports were delivered in September 1995, one crashed in April 1996.
▪️ 🛠🇨🇳 Manufacturer Harbin Aircraft Industry Group
▪️✅ First flight 14 July 1982
▪️👤 Crew: 2
▪️👥 Capacity: 17 max / 1,700 kg (3,748 lb) max payload
▪️📏 Length: 14.86 m (48 ft 9 in)
▪️ ↔️ Wingspan: 17.235 m (56 ft 7 in)
▪️↕️ Height: 5.575 m (18 ft 3 in)
▪️↔️ Wing area: 34.27 m2 (368.9 sq ft)
▪️⬇️ Empty weight: 2,840 kg (6,261 lb)
▪️↗️ Max takeoff weight: 5,300 kg (11,684 lb)
Fuel capacity: 1,616 l (427 US gal; 355 imp gal) / 1,230 kg (2,712 lb) max usable fuel weight
▪️⚙️ Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27 turboprop engines, 462 kW (620 hp) each
Propellers: 3-bladed Hartzell HC-B3TN-3B/T10173B-3, 2.49 m (8 ft 2 in) diameter constant-speed fully-feathering reversible-pitch propellers (4 and 5 bladed propellers used on some models)
▪️⏭ Maximum speed: 328 km/h (204 mph, 177 kn) VMO (maximum operating speed) at 3,000 m (9,843 ft)
▪️⏩ Cruise speed: 292 km/h (181 mph, 158 kn) (max) at 3,000 m (9,843 ft)
250 km/h (160 mph; 130 kn) (economical) at 3,000 m (9,843 ft)
▪️🔁 Range: 1,340 km (830 mi, 720 nmi) at econ cruise, 45 min reserves at 3,000 m (9,843 ft)
▪️🛢 Endurance: 5 hours 12 minutes at econ cruise
▪️🔂 Service ceiling: 7,000 m (23,000 ft)
3,000 m (9,843 ft) on one engine
▪️⏫ Rate of climb: 8.1 m/s (1,590 ft/min)
1.4 m/s (4.6 ft/s) on one engine
▪️⚡️Power/mass: 0.106 kW/kg (0.064 hp/lb)
▪️🛫Take-off run: 370 m (1,214 ft)
▪️🛫Take-off run to 15 m (49 ft): 490 m (1,608 ft)
▪️🛬Landing run: 340 m (1,115 ft)
▪️🛬Landing run from 15 m (49 ft): 630 m (2,067 ft)
Ref: Wikipedia